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Toxicology Toolkit: Optimizing GI Decontamination and Activated Charcoal Use in Dogs and Cats
Presented by Marie Holowaychuk, DVM, Dipl. ACVECC
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CE credit: 1
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Toxicology Toolkit: Optimizing GI Decontamination and Activated Charcoal Use in Dogs and Cats
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License number
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Province where you practise
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Questions
1. What is the median time to emesis for dogs when using ropinirole ophthalmic solution (Clevor®)?
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1–3 minutes
10 minutes
15–35 minutes
45–60 minutes
2. Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for emesis induction in dogs and cats?
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Ingestion of NSAIDs
Ingestion of toxic plants
Ingestion of caustic substances
Ingestion of chocolate
3. Why is the use of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide specifically contraindicated in feline patients?
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It has a 0% success rate for inducing emesis in cats
It causes severe gastroduodenal injury and mucosal necrosis
It acts as a dopamine agonist causing severe neurologic signs
It is too expensive compared to veterinary-approved alternatives
4. When treating a cat for toxin ingestion, which agent is currently recommended for emesis induction?
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Apomorphine (IV or SC)
Ropinirole ophthalmic solution
Hydrogen Peroxide (3%)
Dexmedetomidine (IM or Oral)
5. Activated charcoal is known to have poor or no binding capacity for which of the following?
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Phenobarbital
Xylitol and alcohols
Salicylates
Theophylline
6. Which charcoal formulation is often preferred for ease of administration and standardization, despite having a higher cost?
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Powdered activated charcoal (pAC)
Reconstituted slurry
Commercial gels
Resin-bound formulations
7. In an unstable patient receiving activated charcoal via orogastric (OG) tube, which step is essential to prevent aspiration?
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Mixing the charcoal with a large meal
Rapid administration to minimize tube time
Keeping the patient in a recumbent position
Endotracheal intubation and airway protection
8. What is the primary purpose of using Multi-Dose Activated Charcoal (MDAC) for specific toxins?
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To prevent the absorption of heavy metals like lead
To interrupt enterohepatic recirculation of the toxin
To chemically neutralize the toxin within the stomach
To act as a systemic antidote for hydrocarbons
9. Hypernatremia is a reported complication of charcoal administration; which patients are at the highest risk?
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Small, young, or pediatric patients
Large, athletic adult dogs
Patients with pre-existing low sodium levels
Patients receiving only a single dose in a stable state
10. For toxins that are highly protein-bound (e.g., NSAIDs, Baclofen), which advanced therapy should be considered?
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Hemoperfusion
Intravenous fluid diuresis alone
Gastric lavage after 6 hours
Repeated doses of maropitant
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COMPANION
ANIMALS
EQUINE
Farm
Animals
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News
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