Canine osteoarthritis: How we can work together to simplify a complex…

Presented by Tom Gibson, BSc, BEd, DVM, Dipl. ACVS

Continuing education questionnaire

CE credit: 1

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Questions

1. Please select the most accurate statement(s) form the list below: *

More than 70% of our canine population is obese

50% of dogs have radiographic signs of osteoarthritis

40% of dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) are overweight or obese

Approximately 50% of our canine population is overweight or obese

C and D

2. OA can lead to unrecognized chronic pain in our small animal patients. Which of the following statements are true? *

Owner questionnaires such the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) or the Client Specific Outcome Measures (CSOM) are research tools that are not validated for clinical practice

Chronic pain can lead to behaviours such as aggression and/or hiding in our patients

An owner questionnaire such LOAD is a valuable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of our OA treatment protocols

Untreated chronic pain can result in the development of maladaptive pain and central sensitization

All of the above

B, C and D

3. Not all treatments commonly used to manage OA in dogs are supported by robust scientific research. Please select the treatment(s) that are well supported by research for use in treating canine osteoarthritis. *

4. Leptin, a peptide hormone, has received much attention in attempts to understand the relationship between obesity and OA in humans. Please choose the correct answer(s) from these statements about leptin. *

Leptin has a detrimental effect on articular cartilage

Leptin concentration in synovial fluid is elevated in obese people

Production of proinflammatory mediators in the body are induced by leptin

All of the above

None of the above

5. The Kealy Lifespan Study revealed that: *

Reducing feed intake by 50% in a group of Labrador Retrievers resulted in body condition scores of 2/5

Overfeeding Labrador Retrievers by 25% resulted in no change in OA scores

25% reduction in food intake increased the median lifespan in a group of Labrador Retrievers

25% reduction in food intake delayed the onset of signs of chronic disease in a group of Labrador Retrievers

All of the above

C and D

6. Please choose the BEST point to discuss with clients who comes to the clinic with an overweight pet: *

Obesity may be the biggest controllable factor in preventing and managing chronic disease in our pets

The research behind all of the weight loss diets for sale at your clinic

That obesity may exacerbate the signs of OA

Overweight dogs may require expensive orthopedic joint surgeries

7. Which statement is true? *

Of all the nutraceutical compounds, omega-3 fatty acids are the only ones that have the potential to reverse osteoarthrosis

Clinical signs of OA in dogs is relatively simple to treat once you establish a multimodal treatment protocol

OA is a disease of the entire joint and involves the central nervous system

Osteoarthrosis in dogs is very similar to the rheumatoid arthritis found in humans

8. Which statement regarding OA is true? *

OA is considered an inflammatory arthritis and always responds well to anti-inflammatory drugs

OA in dogs is for the most part considered secondary to other disease processes affecting the joint

The literature generally supports the use of Omega-3 fatty acids for the reversal of joint degeneration observed in OA

Degenerative joint disease is typically a disease of the articular cartilage and changes to other joint structures are secondary

9. Choose the correct statement(s) related to nerve growth factor (NGF) *

NGF has a minor role the developing animal, allowing treatment with Anti-NGF monoclonal antibody products at any age

In the adult, the primary role is pronociceptive and plays a major role in pain signalling

NGF levels become elevated during injury, inflammation and chronic pain, and is released from damaged tissues such as cartilage as well as immune cells

B and C

A and C

10. The advantages of Anti-NGF monoclonal antibody therapy include: *

Consistent long-acting effects

Treatment for dogs and cats

Improved owner compliance due to once-monthly injections

Minimal side effects due to a mode of action similar to naturally occurring antibodies

All of the above